by Scott McLeod | Oct 30, 2007 | Law, Policy, and Ethics, Miscellaneous, News and Events, Research and Evaluation |
Rural
School Enrollments: Diverse and Rising
After years of shrinking enrollments, rural school populations are on the
rise. Minority students and English Language Learners account for a high
proportion of the increase, and many of the poorest and poorest prepared
children are entering classrooms in states with the fewest resources to teach
them. . . . In the school year 2003-2004, nearly a half of all English Language
Learners (ELL) were enrolled in rural schools.
Poor
People are Moving to Already Poor, Rural Communities
There is a growing body of evidence that rural communities are poor because
poor people are moving there.
by Scott McLeod | Sep 26, 2007 | Communication, Higher Education, News and Events, Online Learning, Pre-Service Preparation, Professional Development, Research and Evaluation, Tech Integration |
It is my great pleasure to announce that Dr. Chris Gareis and Sheryl Nussbaum-Beach are the recipients of the 2007 Technology Leadership Research Award. Here is the abstract from their co-authored article, Electronically Mentoring to Develop Accomplished Professional Teachers:
With nearly half of all new teachers leaving the classroom within five years, schools are faced with the challenge of retaining early-career teachers while simultaneously providing them with the support they need to develop into effective professionals. Mentoring novice teachers by pairing them with experienced teachers in schools is a widely adopted practice for addressing these needs; however, face-to-face mentoring is subject to challenges. A promising complement to face-to-face mentoring may be found in the innovative use of computer-mediated communications, such as online forums. In an effort to support, develop, and retain novice teachers, The College of William and Mary has partnered with the Center for Teacher Quality to create ENDAPT – Electronically Networking to Develop Accomplished Professional Teachers. ENDAPT is an asynchronous online forum that brings together novice teachers and teacher leaders in a virtual mentoring community. This article provides an overview of the program model and presents research findings from a study of participants’ postings using content analysis methodology to identify and describe the nature of professional conversations among mentors and novice teachers.
Although we can’t share the actual article with you (because it’s currently under review by a journal), Chris and Sheryl will be giving a presentation on their paper at the UCEA conference in November which we will try to make available to folks.
I would like to publicly thank the other practitioners and academics who took the time out of their extremely busy schedules to participate in the anonymous review process this year:
- Kurt Bernardo, Technology Coordinator, Orange City (OH) Schools; 2005 Ohio Technology Coordinator of the Year
- Dr. Jim Morrison, Editor-in-Chief, Innovate
- Dr. Chris Sessums, Director of Distance Education, University of Florida College of Education; Best Individual Blog, 2006 Edublog Awards
- Dr. Jon Voss, Coordinator, Northern Star Online (MN) Schooling Collaborative
The Technology Leadership Research Award is jointly sponsored by CASTLE and the UCEA School Technology Leadership Special Interest Group.
Kudos to Chris and Sheryl. I’m looking forward to the submissions for next year!
by Scott McLeod | Aug 15, 2007 | Blogging, Communication, Edublogger research, Miscellaneous, Research and Evaluation |
[cross-posted at the TechLearning blog]
Two weeks ago I reported on my second effort to catalog the edublogosphere, to put some shape and form to the amorphous network, to try and measure the largely unmeasurable. Some of my blogging colleagues raised various concerns and objections. Here’s my take…
- As is described quite clearly (and eloquently) in Linked: How Everything Is Connected to Everything Else and What It Means, the Internet and the education blogosphere are both examples of complex, self-organizing networks. As such, they have multiple hubs of varying sizes, each connected to each other and to multiple individual nodes (i.e., blogs and web sites). [click on image for larger version]

Some hubs are connected to thousands of other hubs and nodes; we might call these superhubs (e.g., A-D). Other hubs (e.g., E-H) are connected to less than a dozen nodes. The key here is that many nodes never would come into contact each other except for the hubs. For example, edublogger 1 only finds out about edublogger 2 because edublogger A highlighted and linked to something edublogger B wrote about edublogger 2’s post.
- The hubs and superhubs are the essential connectors, the glue that holds the network together. For example, if edublogger 2 quits blogging, the only one that loses access to that voice is edublogger B. If edublogger C stops blogging, however, the rest of the network not only loses access to that person’s voice, it also loses access to the voices of those edubloggers to which only C linked. If edublogger A quits blogging, the network loses access to edubloggers E and F as well as all of the individual edubloggers to which only they were connected (at least until those nodes get reconnected to other hubs). The process is all very fluid, shifting and changing with each hyperlink.
- There are advantages to being first, but over time quality wins out. One of the reasons that edubloggers like Will Richardson and David Warlick are superhubs is because they were some of the first ones in the education blogosphere. They had first-mover advantage and have had time to build up their audience compared to the new edublogger who started yesterday. That said, over time their advantage begins to diminish as others enter the network. If Will and David’s posts didn’t continue to be of high quality, people would link to other bloggers instead and Will and David’s audiences would dwindle. Hubs and superhubs must have ‘sticky’ content in order to retain their roles in the network. It’s a testimony to many of the top edubloggers that they’ve been able to be consistently good, as defined by their audiences, for a long period of time.
- If you are interested in making change, the hubs and superhubs have important roles to play. Why? Because they’re the ones with the ability to reach many. They’re also the ones with the ability to bring important ideas generated out on the fringes of the network into the mainstream center of the network.
So, in response to some of the objections…
- It’s not just an issue of ‘popularity.’ Because we voluntarily visit / subscribe to blogs, content wins out over superficiality in the end. High-ranking blogs are there because others value their voices. You may not think an individual blogger is interesting, but others often do in large numbers. So Terry Freedman says, “Quality not quantity.” And Vicki Davis says “meaningful” is more important than “popular.” But as item 3 above notes, these supposed dichotomies actually are conflated.
- I see knowledge and identification of the hubs and superhubs as important for facilitating change. Sheryl Nussbaum-Beach advocates focusing on impact, not just ranking. To me, impact and ranking tend to blur since I think about large-scale, comprehensive reform of schools, not just localized change. Most of us are change agents – whether our agenda is K-12 technology, home schooling, back-to-basics education, or whatever – but it’s hard to make change when no one is listening. If I want to influence the educational technology arena, I need to catch the attention of folks like Will and David and Sheryl and Terry and Vicki and also be able to point educators to them. If I want to influence the homeschooling arena, I need to catch the eye of SpunkyHomeSchool. And so, again, I believe that impact and ranking are somewhat intertwined.
- Each of us has our own reason(s) for blogging, and of course we always must respect those. I would never presume to either guess others’ reasons or judge the legitimacy of those motivations.
- Maybe it’s the academic in me, but I think there is worth in someone doing a systematic study of the education blogosphere. It doesn’t have to be me, but someone ought to be able to cite some basic statistics about what’s going on. For example, those of us who advocate educational blogging gain legitimacy from the fact that we know that there are 50,000+ education blogs rather than just a few hundred. In other words, we have the numbers to show that educational blogging is not a fad; whatever form it takes down the road, it’s here to stay. I also don’t know how else to identify the hubs and superhubs other than to do what we did. Although we may have missed some blogs with smaller audiences, I’m fairly confident that we got all the big ones (maybe not in the right ranking order).
- I personally feel that there is no better way to recognize and honor voice than to share new and powerful voices with others. When I see interesting, illuminating writing, I want to share that with others and to do my part to help those writers gain large audiences. Sheryl said “What is important is giving our students and teachers ‘voice.’ We need to focus on helping them develop as communicators and writers, not rankers, so they have a place at the policy table and can help to leave this world better than we found it.” I concur, but I disagree that ranking is unimportant. If we want students and educators to ‘have a place at the policy table,’ the inherent nature of a complex, self-organizing network almost demands that those folks become a hub or superhub in order to gain the attention of policymakers. Policymakers rarely, if ever, listen to folks who represent small constituencies, so the larger the audience we can give powerful bloggers, the better.
- I could have listed just the top few dozen edubloggers in my results, but I didn’t. Instead, I included every single URL that we found so that others could find new voices and bring them to the attention of the hubs and superhubs. I will continue to do this and encourage others to do the same. Indeed, illustrating that perhaps I was deeper in the ‘echo chamber than I suspected, I found some new hubs and superhubs that I didn’t even know existed (for example, how many ed tech bloggers knew about The Panda’s Thumb or Classical School Blog or that they were reaching large audiences?).
- Terry is right: Technorati has many issues. But until someone points me to something better, that’s the best I have. I, too, am somewhat confused by the different rankings that occur when different URLs are used for the same blog, but I don’t know what to do other than to provide an online form that people can use to fix or include their URL for next time.
So with all due respect, Vicki, Sheryl, and Terry, I understand and respect your perspectives but I don’t share them, at least not on this front. As always, I appreciate everyone’s input and welcome further suggestions for how to improve this ongoing project. Many thanks…
by Scott McLeod | Aug 3, 2007 | Leadership and Vision, Miscellaneous, News and Events, Research and Evaluation |
We are soliciting submissions for a new award
honoring the best research article of the year related to P-12 technology leadership issues. The article
may be published or unpublished, empirical or conceptual, but must be of
publishable quality in a peer-reviewed academic journal and must pertain to P-12 school technology leadership,
administration, and/or policy. Professors, graduate students, and other
researchers in educational leadership,
educational policy, instructional technology, and other fields are
encouraged to submit any article written or
published between August 1, 2006 and August 1, 2007. This award is
co-sponsored by the UCEA
Center for the Advanced Study of Technology Leadership in Education
(CASTLE) and the UCEA
School Technology Leadership SIG.
The award recipient will be formally recognized at a
brief ceremony during CASTLE’s session at this year’s UCEA convention in Alexandria, VA. The
awardee also will receive a plaque and $250 toward conference travel or other
expenses. Submissions will be reviewed anonymously by a five-person committee of
professors and practitioners. Articles should be submitted as e-mail attachments
to Dr. Scott McLeod, Director of CASTLE, at no later than
August 24, 2007.
Applicants will be notified of their status by September 15, 2007.
Please contact Dr.
McLeod if you have any questions about this
award. Feel free to pass this notice on to additional listservs and other
entities that may be interested.
by Scott McLeod | Aug 1, 2007 | Blogging, Communication, Edublogger research, Miscellaneous, Research and Evaluation |
[cross-posted at the TechLearning blog]
Back in January, when I had been blogging for five months but was still a blogosphere fledgling, I am embarrassed to say that I made a post that purported to present the top 30 edublogs as measured by Technorati rankings. The more time that passed since that post, the more chagrined I became at how laughably naive I was (I only analyzed 66 blogs!). So I decided to try again…
Step 1: Define the size of the education blogosphere
This in itself is a challenging and important task. No one knows exactly how big the education blogosphere is because it’s both dispersed and hidden. Here’s how my two phenomenal research assistants, Jenni Christenson and Eric LeJeune, and I tackled the issue:
- We started with CASTLE’s participant lists from LeaderTalk and our Principal Blogging Project, January’s education blogosphere survey, and the messages I received from my aforementioned January post on top edublogs. This garnered us a few hundred blogs.
- Then Jenni and Eric combed scores of education blogs’ blogrolls. We found over one thousand blogs this way.
- They dug through blogger lists like the ones at Support Blogging, BlogBridge, and ScotEduBlogs and got hundreds more.
- With the gracious assistance of all three organizations, Jenni and Eric scraped blog URLs from November Learning Communities, Edublogs, and Class Blogmeister and found hundreds more.
- In the area that Edublogs uses to communicate with its users, James Farmer posted a link to an online form for us and we got another 224 that way.
- And so on… In other words, we tried to find every list, edublog hosting service, blogroll, etc. that might have new blogs that we hadn’t found yet.
Then we had the joy of finding and eliminating duplicates. Ugh.
Technorati lists 14,854 blogs with a tag of ‘education.’ It lists 23,807 blogs with a tag of ‘school.’ James informed me that Edublogs alone is hosting over 50,000 educator blogs, most of which are private and classroom-oriented. As you’ll see, we didn’t get anywhere near that many URLs.
How many edublogs are there? Over 50,000. How many are in this analysis? Over 3,600.
Step 2: Rank the blogs we found.
This was easier. Jenni and Eric copied each blog URL into the search box at Technorati.com and then entered into our spreadsheet the blog’s Authority (i.e., how many blogs have linked to it over the last 6 months) and Rank (i.e., overall rank among the tens of millions of blogs that Technorati monitors; lower is better). For example, at the time we checked, Patrick Higgins’ blog, Chalkdust, had an authority of 40 and a rank of 153,160. Many blogs had an authority of 0 or had nothing listed at all for either factor.
Step 3: Sort and present the results.
After doing a lot of cleanup (eliminating more duplicates!), we sorted by rank and authority. Here are some example results (click on the images to see the full-size charts)…

As you can see, Inside Higher Ed is the most popular edublog on our list according to Technorati’s Rank feature. Rounding out the top 30 is Infinite Thinking Machine.

If you look at the Authority of the top 204 edublogs, you’ll see the classic long tail distribution. The top blog, Inside Higher Ed, had nearly 2,400 other blogs link to it over the past six months. In contrast, the blogs near the end of this graph only had 45 blogs link to them. About two-thirds (2,542) of the blogs on our list had 0 blogs link to them in the last half year. Only 264 averaged more than 5 external links per month.
Caveats and disclaimers
- Exactly what constitutes an ‘education blog’ is a matter of interpretation. Jenni and Eric looked for blogs by teachers, principals, superintendents, school librarians / media specialists, technology coordinators, education professors, education critics / commentators, and the like. They had to make some tough choices but tried to include anyone that blogged regularly and often about education. If you think they included a blog that shouldn’t be on the list, get in touch.
- As hard as we tried, I’m sure we still missed a bunch of folks. If you’d like to be included in our next analysis (hopefully January 31, 2008), please complete the online form.
- There are many reasons why educators blog and Technorati numbers are just two of many metrics of success. If you’re happy blogging, by all means keep it up! If you’d like more traffic, this list of tips is a good place to start.
- Technorati numbers were compiled over a 2–week period in late July. All blog rankings and authority numbers are approximate and already out of date.
Next steps
If you want to play with the data yourself, download the Excel file. Please link back to this post or send me your findings so I can see what you come up with!
I’d like to do this twice a year, so the next time should be in January 2008. As the list grows bigger, it gets more unwieldy and time-consuming. If you’d like to lend a hand, get in touch. If you have any suggestions for how to expand this analysis or do it differently, please leave a comment below. I’d love to hear your thoughts.
8/1 Correction: The data for Education Week, The Fischbowl, and eSchoolNews were erroneously omitted. The two graphs above, as well as the downloadable Excel file, have been updated to reflect the data for these two sites.
by Scott McLeod | Jul 27, 2007 | Blogging, News and Events, Research and Evaluation |
by Scott McLeod | Jul 26, 2007 | Communication, Law, Policy, and Ethics, Research and Evaluation, Safety and Security, Tech Tools |
Some of you may remember that I’m headed to Iowa State University in about a month. I ran across a story on its news service last week about Chad Harms, a professor in the Greenlee School of Journalism and Communication, who has been doing research on how online sexual predators ‘groom’ their child victims and how their online communication can be coded to detect predatory behavior. Read the story and follow the links. This looks like interesting stuff, particularly if you could automate the coding so that it could be done by computer software.
by Scott McLeod | Jul 25, 2007 | Assessment, Law, Policy, and Ethics, Reading, Research and Evaluation |
The latest installment of the Report of the Week (ROTW) comes from Education Sector:
Here’s a quote from the report:
[B]ecause the majority of special education students have disabilities that do not preclude them from reaching grade-level standards there doesn’t seem to be a need to rollback NCLB’s accountability measures for students with disabilities. To the contrary, doing so could hurt such students by reducing schools’ responsibility for ensuring that they are taught to high standards.
Happy reading!
by Scott McLeod | Jul 18, 2007 | Law, Policy, and Ethics, Reading, Research and Evaluation |
My latest Report of the Week (ROTW) comes from the
Pew Internet and American Life
Project:
Here’s a quote from the report:
There’s one MySpace from my school this year. There’s this boy in my
anatomy class who everybody hates. He’s like the smart kid in class. Everybody’s
jealous. They all want to be smart. He always wants to work in our group and I
hate it. And we started this thing, some girl in my class started this I Hate
[Name] MySpace thing. So everybody in school goes on it to comment bad things
about this boy.
Happy reading!
by Scott McLeod | Jul 11, 2007 | Law, Policy, and Ethics, Reading, Research and Evaluation |
The latest Report of the Week (ROTW) is actually
two reports, both related to Internet connectivity.
The first report, brought to my attention by David
Warlick, comes from the Communication Workers of
America:
Here’s a quote from the report:
[C]ountries like Canada, Sweden, and South Korea have better, faster
Internet connections. People in Japan can download an entire movie in just two
minutes, but it can take two hours or more in the United States. Yet, people in
Japan pay the same as we do in the U.S. for their Internet connection. Not only
do they have the technology for higher speeds, but a larger percentage of people
in those countries have access to high speed connections. The United States has
fallen to 16th place behind other industrialized nations in high speed Internet
access.
The second report, brought to my attention by Andy
Carvin, is from the Pew
Internet & American Life Project:
Here’s a quote from the report:
Currently, 71% of adults use the internet at least occasionally from any
location; of these, 94% have an internet connection at home. Among adults with a
home internet connection, 70% go online using a high-speed connection, versus
23% who use dialup. . . . 27% of all adults do not use a computer at work,
school, home or elsewhere.
Happy reading!